A comprehensive database of more than 32 APUSH quizzes online, test your knowledge with APUSH quiz questions. Distance and the size of the British Empire worked to colonial advantage. They were a by-product of the economic system of mercantilism designed to bolster the British economy by establishing a favorable balance of trade (i.e., exports exceeding imports so that money flows into the British economy). Navigation Acts, in English history, a series of laws designed to restrict England’s carrying trade to English ships, effective chiefly in the 17th and 18th centuries. Ideally, colonies were to produce needed raw materials that would fuel the development of industry in the mother country. Events such as the English Civil War, the Anglo-Dutch Commercial Wars, the Glorious Revolution, Queen Anne’s War, and King George’s War diverted British attention from the colonies to more pressing concerns nearer to home. The Navigation Acts (1651, 1660) were acts of Parliament intended to promote the self-sufficiency of the British Empire by restricting colonial trade to England and decreasing dependence on foreign imported goods. One direct long-term effect of the Navigation Act was that it A. promoted commercial treaties with Spain and France throughout the 1700s B. contributed to the rise of opposition that ultimately fostered the independence movement C. encouraged colonists in North America to expand trade agreements with American Indians That resentment over British control was one of the factors that led to the American Revolution. He has been a reader, a table leader, and, for the past eight years, the question leader on the DBQ at the AP U.S. History reading. Even into the 1980s, restrictions on the sale of wheat to the Soviet Union served to bolster diplomatic pressure on the U.S.S.R. to alter its foreign policy. Also, certain commodities (in adequate supply in Great Britain) could be sold in markets outside of the British Empire. habeas corpus. The British victory in the French and Indian War was, in the words of one historian, “too complete.”  Victory in the war left Britain dominant on the European continent and therefore no longer distracted, which in turn led to an end of salutary neglect. The economic philosophy of mercantilism, dominant in the seventeenth and early eighteenth century, held that the country which accumulated the greatest wealth, gold and silver, was the most powerful because those resources could build a military. 30 seconds . Description: The European kingdoms in the 17th century adopted the economic policy of mercantilism , which looked upon trade, colonies, and the accumulation of wealth as the basis for a country’s military and politcal strength. The Navigation Acts were a series of legislative decrees enacted by the British Parliament to protect their trade with members of the British Empire and other colonies. Even earlier in 1671, the Earl of Sandwich, an Englishman visiting the colonies, noted: “(New Englanders) are at present a numerous and thriving people…mighty rich and powerful…and not at all careful of their dependence on old England.”. answer choices . Consolidating Imperial Control • Sugar Act (1764) passed on sugar to raise revenue – Also stricter enforcement of Navigation Acts & crackdown on smuggling (Violators be tried in Vice-admiralty courts) • Quartering Act (1765) colonists required to provide food & housing for British soldiers • Stamp Act … In the end, however, the economic freedom that the British North American colonies enjoyed over the extended period of salutary neglect led to an unwillingness on the part of the colonists to passively accept British authority over the colonies following the end to the French and Indian War. The Trade and Navigation Acts both helped and hurt the economic development of the British North American colonies and would eventually become a catalyst for sparking the American Revolution. In other words- Mr. Hierl grades the essays you will write for the APUSH exam. To do this the government had to play a dominant role in the regulation of the economy by establishing trade restrictions. He has conducted 250+ AP US History workshops for teachers. 76–783, 54 Stat. Acts of Navigation - Mercantilist policies restricting trade between English colonies and England REVOLUTIONARY ERA Proclamation of 1763 - Restriction of colonial expansion west of the Appalachian Mountains to avoid war Sugar Act (1764) - Revenue tax applied to colonial merchants to offset French and Indian War debt Stamp Act (1765) NAVIGATION ACTS, ECONOMIC BURDEN ON THE AMERICAN COLONIES (ISSUE) The economic burden of the Navigation Acts on the American colonies has been a subject of debate both among the eighteenth century colonists and among scholars in the twentieth century. About the Author: Warren Hierl taught Advanced Placement U.S. History for twenty-eight years. 100% Free AP Test Prep website that offers study material to high school students seeking to prepare for AP exams. APUSH: KC‑2.1.I.B (KC), KC‑2.1.I.C (KC), MIG (Theme), Unit 2: Learning Objective B. The English enacted Trade and Navigation Acts in 1651, the first in a series of trade acts aimed at bolstering British trade at the expense of Dutch trade. Thus the Trade and Navigation Acts placed severe restrictions on colonial trade. The colonists chafed under these new restrictions and their enforcement furthered the breach between the colonies and the mother country in the lead up to the American Revolution. salutary neglect. This act was put forth by the British Empire to restrict the overreliance on imported goods, and it worked for a long time. The Navigation Act of 1660 reinforced the conditions of the 1651 Act, but added a few more restrictions. The Trade and Navigation Acts reflected the mercantilist philosophy that the central government of a country should have a major role in the control and regulation of the economy. Transatlantic trade Get 3 of 4 questions to level up! Frequently trade restrictions were designed to force foreign countries to change their policies toward the United States. The Navigation Acts and the Molasses Act are examples of royal attempts to restrict colonial trade. In general, the colonists obeyed the Trade and Navigation Acts when they benefitted them and they ignored them when they ran contrary to colonial interests. These products included wool, rice, cotton, tobacco, dyed woods, and indigo. Quiz 1. 2. British pre-occupation with internal and European affairs, instead of enforcing the Trade and Navigation Acts in the colonies, became known as “salutary neglect” and it allowed the colonies a sense of economic independence. It declared a list of products which colonies could export only to Great Britain or her colonies, and to no other country. The Navigation Acts were some of the first parliamentary laws to more strictly regulate trade with the American colonies. The Navigation Acts (Opens a modal) Practice. Great Britain was determined to correct that relationship. During the middle to late seventeenth century, a series of trade wars developed between the two dominant commercial powers (that is the two major countries that carried goods to and from other countries), the Dutch and the English. the Townshend Acts. The Navigation Acts were part of the British policy of mercantilism. As well, production of certain products in great demand in the mother country (particularly naval stores) was bolstered by the payment of “bounties” (additional cash payments) to encourage increased production. This allowed England to monitor the consumption of these foreign goods and it also raised their cost, making their consumption less likely. the Navigation Acts, but the laws were hardly enforced for nearly 100 years. Colonists were required to ship certain products exclusively to England. Under mercantilism colonies existed for the good of the mother country. Annotation: The Navigation Acts were laws designed to support English shipbuilding and restrict trade competition from England's commercial adversaries, especially the Dutch. The Trade and Navigation Acts, which imposed restrictions on both English and colonial merchants in order to successfully realize the mercantilist goal of accumulating wealth for the mother country, had both positive and negative consequences for the colonies in the British Empire.

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